Formal Verification of Full-Wave Rectifier: A Case Study

We present a case study of formal verification of full-wave rectifier for analog and mixed signal designs. We have used the Checkmate tool from CMU [1], which is a public domain formal verification tool for hybrid systems. Due to the restriction imposed by Checkmate it necessitates to make the changes in the Checkmate implementation to implement the complex and non-linear system. Full-wave rectifier has been implemented by using the Checkmate custom blocks and the Simulink blocks from MATLAB from Math works. After establishing the required changes in the Checkmate implementation we are able to efficiently verify the safety properties of the full-wave rectifier.Comment: The IEEE 8th International Conference on ASIC (IEEE ASICON 2009), October 20-23 2009, Changsha, Chin

A study on minerals essential for athlete’s performance

ABSTRACT All invigorating giant minerals can influence the sports and working lifestyle. Minerals are derived from a wide mix of metabolic and physiological cycles in the human body. In athletic performance, minerals have physiological parts in muscle clearance, standard heart rate, nerve conduction, oxygen transport, oxidative phosphorylation, compound acceptance, cell support progress, bone elevation, safe limits and unpleasant base arrangements. These cycles are heavily progressed during athletic performance, so a healthy level of these minerals is key to ideal performance. Various nutritional minerals are specialized to save the critical solid areas for A, which help the contenders perform at their best. In any case, some minerals that do more "really dangerous work" are more rapidly depleted during athletic performance. There are so many parts that drive us to move ahead in the game like cut off, preparation, motivation, inspiration and balance from wounds. Whenever energetic, prepared, talented, energetic and coordinated contenders fight in any kind of challenge, there is a more clear-cut division than usual between defeat and victory. Food is expected to play a fundamental role in this ability to cut between defeat and victory. &nbsp

Crop Yield Prediction by Hybrid Technique with Crop Datasets

Agriculture is one of the intense domains across the globe which has greater impact on the development of a country.  There are various tools and techniques developed for the farmers and they are taking advantages of it. Also, the power of artificial intelligence is realized in agriculture field with the application of machine learning and deep learning algorithms. Numerous models have been proposed using the conventional algorithms, but still it is needed to improve the prediction accuracy. Therefore, in the proposed model a hybrid technique is designed by combining the Machine learning, deep learning algorithms and optimization with particle swarm optimization PSO methods to improve the prediction accuracy. In the proposed model, SVM is used as Machine leaning algorithm and RNN-LSTM is used as deep learning algorithm. The crop data sets of Maharashtra for previous years are used as input to the model and prediction will be done for the coming years. The proposed model has potential in improving the yield prediction for various crops like onion, grapes, cotton etc. produced in the Maharashtra State of India

FPGA Implementation of ADPLL with Ripple Reduction Techniques

In this paper FPGA implementation of ADPLL using Verilog is presented. ADPLL with ripple reduction techniques is also simulated and implemented on FPGA. For simulation ISE Xilinx 10.1 CAD is used.Vertex5 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is used for implementation. ADPLL performance improvement, while using ripple reduction techniques is also discussed. The ADPLL is designed at the central frequency of 100 kHz. The frequency range of ADPLL is 0 kHz to 199 kHz. But when it is implemented with ripple reduction techniques, the frequency range observed is from 11 kHz to 216 kHz

FPGA-Based PUF Designs: A Comprehensive Review and Comparative Analysis

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) have firmly established themselves as dynamic platforms for the implementation of physical unclonable functions (PUFs). Their intrinsic reconfigurability and profound implications for enhancing hardware security make them an invaluable asset in this realm. This groundbreaking study not only dives deep into the universe of FPGA-based PUF designs but also offers a comprehensive overview coupled with a discerning comparative analysis. PUFs are the bedrock of device authentication and key generation and the fortification of secure cryptographic protocols. Unleashing the potential of FPGA technology expands the horizons of PUF integration across diverse hardware systems. We set out to understand the fundamental ideas behind PUF and how crucially important it is to current security paradigms. Different FPGA-based PUF solutions, including static, dynamic, and hybrid systems, are closely examined. Each design paradigm is painstakingly examined to reveal its special qualities, functional nuances, and weaknesses. We closely assess a variety of performance metrics, including those related to distinctiveness, reliability, and resilience against hostile threats. We compare various FPGA-based PUF systems against one another to expose their unique advantages and disadvantages. This study provides system designers and security professionals with the crucial information they need to choose the best PUF design for their particular applications. Our paper provides a comprehensive view of the functionality, security capabilities, and prospective applications of FPGA-based PUF systems. The depth of knowledge gained from this research advances the field of hardware security, enabling security practitioners, researchers, and designers to make wise decisions when deciding on and implementing FPGA-based PUF solutions.publishedVersio

Modeling the effect of economic efforts to control population pressure and conserve forestry resources

The increase in human population poses a great menace for the forestry resources. Therefore, protection and conservation of forestry resources is a challenging subject across the globe. Keeping this point in view, we propose and analyze a nonlinear mathematical model to assess the effect of economic efforts applied to control population pressure as well as to increase forestry resources by plantation on the conservation of forestry resources. The condition when one should spend more money on plantation/reducing population pressure has been obtained. Numerical simulation is also performed to support analytical findings and identify the important parameters useful for the conservation of forestry resources

A Geo-Spatial Information Model for Rurban Planning

The Indian context of planning primarily focuses on urban settlements comprising approximately 30% of our land area. The rest two-thirds are composed of spatially isolated rural communities which lack access to adequate infrastructure, services and connectivity for which the absence of a standardized planning methodology is a pertinent reason. Since a spatial entity is never disconnected from its context, planning is most effective when undertaken in the context of a region, joining settlements in need of physical, economic and social connectivity. Within a region, the availability of a multihierarchical geo-spatial database is fundamental to spatial planning, and research identifies that it requires conspicuous attention in our rural planning strategy. The proposed paper addresses this lacuna of data infrastructure at the micro-regional level. An example of micro-region is the rurban cluster, comprising several village settlements around a central town, displaying potential for spatially integrated development. The rurban cluster is in compliance with the Shyama Prasad Mukherji National Rurban Mission (SPMNRM), a flagship programme initiated by the Ministry of Rural Development (Government of India) in 2016. The planning, implementation and execution of this scheme also sufferes due to the lack of geo-spatial database management. Borrowing from past experiences in the country and abroad, this paper constructs a model for geo-spatial planning of rurban clusters. The model takes care of all the stages of rurban cluster planning such as delineation of the micro-region, database design and management, analysis, evolution of alternative scenarios and finally implementation and monitoringthrough geo-spatial information systems. Once developed and applied, it objectively evaluates the corresponding stages of the SPMNRM (non-spatial) and the new model (geo-spatial), to demonstrate how the latter adds value to the planning process and produces superior results on ground

Attributes and Characteristics that Stimulate Innovation Leader's Creativity

Today organizations face a scarcity of innovation leaders. Innovation leaders are successful because of the attributes and characteristics they possess. Characteristics and attributes of three innovation leaders -Thomas A. Edison, Steve Jobs and Mark Zuckerberg has been highlighted in this project. These innovation leaders are termed as highly creative and innovative. The author conducted a review of many international publications related to innovation leader. Some of the attributes of an innovation leader that were found in the research are - possessing strong leadership, must be visionary, must act as change agent so that employees are able to change their process and system for the betterment, must be a good sales person to sell ideas to the people, must be a good listener to understand others requirements, must be a logical thinker to make decisions, must be a good team-builder, must be even-keeled demeanour to act in an unbiased manner, must be passionate about new ideas and concept, and must be optimistic. It has also been found and widely acknowledged that innovation leaders play a critical role in organization's success. 

Concerns and Criticisms of Leadership Development Programs Since the Mid of Nineteenth Century

This paper analyses some of the Leadership Development Programs developed since the mid of nineteenth century. The concerns and criticism of least preferred coworker (LPC) Leadership Development Program as suggested by Fiedler, Leader Match Concept (LMC) Leadership Development Program developed by Fiedler and Chemers, Authentic leadership development program developed by Avolio, Transformational Leadership and the Full Range Leadership Development Programs developed by Bass and Avolio has been explored in this paper. This paper discusses about the fundamental notions and measurement of different leadership styles along with validity of its theory. This paper finds that which leadership development program shall best fit to train CEO’s and top level management. Keywords: Leadership Development Program, least preferred coworker, authentic leadership, Transformational Leadership and the Full Range Leadershi

SMDDH: Singleton Mention detection using Deep Learning in Hindi Text

Mention detection is an important component of coreference resolution system, where mentions such as name, nominal, and pronominals are identified. These mentions can be purely coreferential mentions or singleton mentions (non-coreferential mentions). Coreferential mentions are those mentions in a text that refer to the same entities in a real world. Whereas, singleton mentions are mentioned only once in the text and do not participate in the coreference as they are not mentioned again in the following text. Filtering of these singleton mentions can substantially improve the performance of a coreference resolution process. This paper proposes a singleton mention detection module based on a fully connected network and a Convolutional neural network for Hindi text. This model utilizes a few hand-crafted features and context information, and word embedding for words. The coreference annotated Hindi dataset comprising of 3.6K sentences, and 78K tokens are used for the task. In terms of Precision, Recall, and F-measure, the experimental findings obtained are excellent